Abstract
Objectives: (1) To description of MAGGIC Score characteristics in heart failure (HF) patients who have undergone inpatient treatment at the Vietnam National Heart Institute, Bach Mai Hospital. (2) To evaluate external validation of the MAGGIC (Meta‐Analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure) score to predict HF hospitalizations and death twelve months after discharge.
Methods: The study included 150 patients diagnosed with HF at the Vietnam National Heart Institute, Bach Mai Hospital. Clinical and laboratory parameters were collected upon admission and discharge. The MAGGIC score, 3C-HF score, EFFECT score, and ELAN-HF score were calculated for each patient. Patients were monitored for mortality and first HF re-hospitalization within twelve months after discharge. We used ROC curves and the AUC (Area Under the Curve) to assess the prognostic ability of the MAGGIC score for mortality and re-hospitalization, comparing it with other scores (3C-HF, EFFECT, ELAN-HF). Additionally, we evaluated the prognostic efficacy of incorporating NT-ProBNP into the MAGGIC score.
Results: The mean MAGGIC score in the study cohort was 20.7 ± 7.3, with a predicted 1-year post-discharge mortality rate of 10.2%. During a mean follow-up time of 12 months, 15.3% died, 20.5% were re-hospitalized for HF, and 32.7% experienced the composite outcome (death or HF hospitalizition). Patients experiencing the composite outcome had significantly higher MAGGIC scores (26.1 ± 6.6) compared to those without (18.1 ± 6.1), p<0.05. The MAGGIC score demonstrated good predictive performance for 12-month mortality (AUC=0.802, 95% CI: 0.694 – 0.910), moderate predictive performance for HF hospitalization (AUC=0.781, 95% CI: 0.691 – 0.871), and good predictive performance for the composite outcome (AUC=0.809, 95% CI: 0.737 – 0.881). Compared to the 3C-HF and EFFECT scores, the MAGGIC score showed superior predictive ability for HF hospitalization and the composite outcome, but did not significantly differ in predicting mortality. Compared to the ELAN-HF score, there was no significant difference in predictive performance. Adding NT-ProBNP to the MAGGIC score did not improve its predictive efficacy in heart failure patients.
Conclusion: The MAGGIC score is a straightforward and easily applicable tool with a strong predictive performance for mortality and composite outcomes in heart failure patients.