Abstract
Mitral stenosis (MS) remains one of the most prevalent valvular heart diseases in Vietnam, predominantly attributable to rheumatic heart disease sequelae. Percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty (PBMV) is the preferred treatment modality for severe MS in patients with favorable valve morphology. Nevertheless, restenosis following initial intervention represents a common clinical challenge, raising important questions regarding the feasibility and safety of repeat valvuloplasty. We report the case of a 57-year-old female patient with a history of PBMV performed in 2009 who presented with severe restenosis, characterized by a mitral valve area of 1.1–1.2 cm², a mean transmitral gradient of 15/8 mmHg, and moderate pulmonary arterial hypertension. The patient successfully underwent repeat PBMV using a 26 cc Inoue balloon, achieving a post-procedural mitral valve area of 1.8 cm², with significant reduction in left atrial pressure and pulmonary arterial pressure, and no periprocedural complications. This article discusses the indications, technical considerations, outcomes, and predictors of procedural success for repeat PBMV.
