Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the short-term outcomes of drug-coated balloon treatment for coronary artery lesions and identify factors influencing the degree of restenosis after DCB treatment.
Methods: Prospective, cross-sectional study. After 12 months, the patients had a follow-up coronary angiography to evaluate the lesions.
Results: With 56 drug-coated balloon angioplasty procedures performed on 56 patients, DCB treatment for in-stent restenosis lesions accounted for the majority of cases at 67,86%. Before the procedure, 4 lesions (7,14%) had TIMI 0 flow, 3 lesions (5,36%) had TIMI 1 flow, and 19 lesions (33,93%) had TIMI 2 flow. The mean stenosis of the lesions in the study group was 83,19 ± 10,20%. After DCB angioplasty, most lesions achieved TIMI 3 flow, with a rate of 96,43%. The mean diameter stenosis decreased to 11,94 ± 8,41% after DCB treatment. The procedural success rate was 100%. A total of 31 out of 56 (55,3%) patients underwent follow-up angiography to check the treated lesion after 12 months. The mean restenosis rate after 12 months was 47,78 ± 30,60%, and the mean late lumen loss was 0,43 ± 0,36mm. A history of in-stent restenosis, multiple stents in the same branch, long total stent length, long lesion length, and in-stent restenosis were all factors influencing the degree of restenosis after 12 months. In multivariable regression analysis, multiple stents and long lesion length were found to be statistically significant factors influencing the degree of restenosis (p<0,05).
Conclusion: The study demonstrates that coronary artery intervention with DCB at Huu Nghi Hospital is highly effective, with a procedural success rate of 100%. After the intervention, the degree of vessel stenosis was significantly reduced from 83,19% to 11,94%. The 12-month follow-up showed a mean restenosis rate of 47,78%. Factors including having multiple stents and a long lesion length were independent predictors of restenosis after drug-eluting balloon angioplasty.