Abstract
Aim of the study: To summarize the characteristics and response to antibiotic therapy of patients with prosthetic valve infective endocarditis (PVIE) treated at the Heart Institute, Ho Chi Minh City.
Patients and methods: Cross-sectional study in patients treated at the Heart Institute from January 1st, 2021 to December 31st, 2023 with a diagnosis of PVIE.
Results: 33 patients (21 men, mean age 55,9 ± 18 years) were included. 16 patients had aortic valve involvement, 12 had mitral valve involvement, 5 had aortic and mitral valves involvement, 8 had peri-annular abscess, 2 had intracardiac fistula, and 2 had abscess combined with fistula and pseudoaneurysm. Glomerulonephritis was present in 48,5%, RF in 21,2%, and embolic events in 18,2%. 19 patients had positive blood culture, mostly with Gram positive cocci. Patients with PVIE <1 year had favorable response to the ESC recommended empirical antibiotic therapy. 12 patients underwent cardiac surgery. In-hospital mortality was 33,3%.
Conclusions: Additional testing to detect glomerulonephritis, RF, and embolic events is useful for the diagnosis of PVIE. ESC recommendations for empirical antibiotic therapy in patients with PVIE <1 year are appropriate. Cardiac surgery should be performed when indicated.