Abstract
Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) had been associated with high rates of morbidity. A number of risk factors have been identified to have a potential impact on increasing risk of death in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the relationship of hospital mortality with history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in according to Russian register of patients hospitalized for COVID-19.
Methods
758 consecutive patients with COVID-19 (403 men, the median age was 61 [18 to 95] years) were included in the study. Predictors of hospital mortality were evaluated using univariate and multivariate regression analysis, using SPSS Statistics version 23.0.
Results
During hospitalization, 59 (7.8%) patients with COVID-19 died, 677 (89.3%) were discharged and 22 (2.9%) were transferred to other hospitals. Univariate regression analysis showed that increasing of age was associated with 92% higher mortality risk for each decade (relative risk (RR) 1.92; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.58–2.34; p<0.001). The bigger number of CVDs was associated with higher risk of death (RR 1.71; 95% CI 1.42–2.07; p<0.001). Presence of one or more CVDs, as well as atrial fibrillation, chronic heart failure (CHF), coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, stroke history, and diabetes were associated with a higher risk of deaths during the hospitalization for COVID-19. Presence of any CVD was associated with a 3.2-fold higher risk of hospital mortality. However, this association lost its significance after adjustment for age and gender, and only CHF was associated with a 3-fold increased risk of death (RR 3.16; 95% CI 1.64–6.09; p<0.001). One more independent predictor of mortality was age (RR 1.05; 95% CI 1.03–1.08; p<0.001).
Conclusion
History of CVDs, their number and severity were associated with a higher risk of death in patients hospitalized for COVID-19. Age and CHF were independent predictors of hospital mortality.