Abstract
Objective: Evaluate coronary artery lesions and analyze related factors in diabetic patients with acute coronary syndrome undergoing coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 120 patients with acute coronary syndrome, including 58 patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and 62 without DM who underwent coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention at Thanh Hoa General Hospital, from 03/2026 to 04/2026. Results: The DM group had a higher proportion of non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (48,27% vs. 32,26%, p<0,05) and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (48,98% vs. 58,54%, p<0,05). Coronary artery lesions in the DM group were more severe and complex, with higher rates of three-vessel disease (34,48% vs. 22,58%, p<0.05), left anterior descending artery involvement (77,58% vs. 64,52%, p<0,05), severe stenosis >70% (74,1% vs. 67,74%, p<0.05), diffuse lesions (48,27% vs. 25,81%, p<0.05), and thrombus (53,45% vs. 38,7%, p<0.05). The mean SYNTAX score was higher in the DM group (22,18±8,9 vs. 18,9±8,29, p<0,05) and correlated with HbA1C (r=0,36), systolic blood pressure (r=0,37), and EF (r=-0,39) (p<0,05). Conclusions: Diabetic patients with acute coronary syndrome have more severe and complex coronary artery lesions than non-diabetic patients.
