Abstract
Objective: To determine the mortality rate, 1-year survival rate, and related factors in patients with PH due to left-sided valvular disease. Methods: A descriptive longitudinal cohort study (retrospective and prospective) was conducted on 146 patients aged ≥18 years with pulmonary artery systolic pressure >45 mmHg and moderate or greater left-sided valvular lesions. The study was carried out at the Vietnam National Heart Institute – Bach Mai Hospital and Hanoi Medical University Hospital (04/2023–04/2025). Multivariate Cox regression was used to identify predictors of mortality. Results: The mortality rate during a mean follow-up of 161.6 days was 9.3%, a 1-year survival rate of 90.7%. Mean LVEF in the death group was 38.93 ± 15.89%, significantly lower than 53.83 ± 15.53% in the survival group (p = 0.001). LVEF was an independent protective factor (HR = 0.923; 95% CI: 0.876–0.974; p = 0.003). Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (Dd) was inversely associated with mortality (HR = 0.919; 95% CI: 0.857–0.985; p = 0.017). Other variables such as age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, and pulmonary artery pressure were not statistically significant. Conclusion: LVEF and Dd are independent echocardiographic predictors of mortality in patients with PH due to left-sided valvular heart disease. The 1-year survival rate was 90.7%. Monitoring these indicators closely may improve clinical risk stratification and patient outcomes.
